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Growth and Development in Craniofacial Complex

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Abstract

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¼ºÀå(growth)°ú ¹ßÀ°(development)Àº ¸Å¿ì ¹ÐÁ¢ÇÏ°Ô ¿¬°üµÇ¾î ÀÖÀ¸¸é¼­µµ ÀüÇô µ¿ÀǾ
µÉ ¼ö ¾ø´Ù. ȸȭü ¿µ¾î·Î¼­ÀÇ growth¶õ ÈçÈ÷ Å©±âÀÇ Áõ°¡¸¦ ¶æÇÏÁö¸¸, ¡®º¯È­(change)¡¯
ÀÇ Àǹ̸¦ °­ÇÏ°Ô ³»Æ÷ÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ¼ºÀåÀÌ ÀÏÁ¾ÀÇ º¯È­¸¸À» ÀǹÌÇÑ´Ù¸é °æÁ¦Àû °æ±â
ÀÇ ÀϽÃÀû ÈÄÅð(economic recession)µµ ¡®negative economic growth¡¯¶ó°í ÇØ¾ß ÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
¿¹¸¦ µé¾î ÀÎüÀÇ ¾î¶² Á¶Á÷Àº ´ë´ÜÈ÷ ºü¸¥ ¼Óµµ·Î ¼ºÀåÇÏ°í´Â °ð À§ÃàµÇ°Å³ª ¼Ò½ÇµÇ´Â ÇÏ
´Âµ¥, ÀÌó·³ ½Ã°£°æ°ú¿¡ µû¸¥ ½Åü ¼ºÀåÀÇ ±¸µµ¿¡µµ negative phase°¡ ÀÖ´Ù. ÇÑÆí ÀϹÝÀû
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(complexity)ÀÇ Áõ°¡¡¯¶ó´Â Àǹ̸¦ Æ÷ÇÔÇϱ⵵ Çϸç, ¹ßÀ°À̶õ ¡®º¹ÇÕ¼ºÀÇ Áõ°¡¡¯¸¦ ÀǹÌÇÏ
Áö¸¸ ¡®Æ¯¼öÈ­(specialization)ÀÇ Áõ°¡¡¯¶ó´Â ºÎ°¡Àû Àǹ̸¦ Æ÷ÇÔÇϱ⠶§¹®¿¡ ¹ßÀ°ÀÌ ÁøÇàµÈ
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¼­ º»´Ù¸é ¼ºÀåÀ̶õ ÇغÎÇÐÀû °üÁ¡ÀÇ Çö»óÀÌ°í, ¹ßÀ°À̶õ »ý¸®ÇÐÀû °üÁ¡ÀÇ Çö»óÀ̶ó ÇÒ ÀÖ
´Ù.
ÀÌó·³ ¼­·Î ´Ù¸¥ ÀǹÌÀÇ 2´Ü¾î¸¦ ÇÕÇÏ¿© ÇϳªÀÇ ´Ü¾îó·³, Áï '¼ºÀå¹ßÀ°' ȤÀº '¼ºÀå°ú
¹ßÀ°'À̶ó°í »ç¿ëÇÑ´Ù. Á¡Â÷ÀûÀ¸·Î ¾ó±¼ÀÌ Ä¿Áö´Â °ÍÀº ¼­·Î ´Ù¸¥ ºÎºÐµéÀÌ °¢±â ÀÏÂï ¶Ç´Â
´Ê°Ô ¼º¼÷Çϱ⵵ Çϸç, Ä¿Áö´Â ¾çÀÇ Á¤µµ°¡ ¼­·Î ´Ù¸£°í, ¶Ç ¼­·Î ´Ù¸¥ ¹æÇâÀ¸·Î, ±×¸®°í ¼­
·Î ´Ù¸¥ ºñÀ²·Î ¼ºÀåÇϱ⠶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù(ÀÌ°ÍÀ» differential growth¶ó ÇÑ´Ù). ÀÌ·± Á¡ÁøÀû ¼º¼÷°ú
Á¤Àº ¼­·Î ´Ù¸¥, ±×·¯³ª ±â´ÉÀûÀ¸·Î ¿¬°üµÈ ±â°ü°ú Á¶Á÷ÀÇ º¹ÇÕ¼ºÀÇ Áõ°¡¸¦ ¶æÇÑ´Ù. ¶ÇÇÑ ¼º
Àå °úÁ¤Àº ±¹¼ÒÀûÀÎ ºñ·ÊÀÇ º¯È­¸¦ Æ÷ÇÔÇϸç, ¸ðµç ºÎºÐµéÀÌ ¼­·Î Àß ÀûÇÕµÇ°í ±â´ÉÇÒ ¼ö
ÀÖµµ·Ï Çϱâ À§Çؼ­ ±¹¼ÒÀûÀÎ Á¶ÀýÀ» ÇÊ¿ä·Î ÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌ·± Àǹ̵éÀ» Æ÷ÇÔÇÑ ´Ü¾î°¡ ¹Ù·Î '¼º
Àå°ú ¹ßÀ°(growth and development)'ÀÎ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
#ÃÊ·Ï#
In recent years, the investigation and analysis of human facial growth have become
increasingly the province of the orthodontic profession. Armed with the powerful tool of
radiographic cephalometry, this group of workers has added greatly to our knowledge of
both the pattern of facial growth and the underlying determining mechanisms. Not
suprisingly, however, their interest has been focused primarily on those aspects of the
subject which are pertinent to the task of preventing and treating the growth disorders
manifested in malalignment and malocclusion of the teeth. As a result, their
achievements are not well known amongst other workers with an interest in skeletal
growth, notably those in the disciplines of human and comparative morphology, physical
anthropology, and growth and development. The present paper is an attempt to bridge
this gap. I hope the it gives a simple but accurate account of current knowledge of the
normal pattern, sites and regulatory mechanisms of facial growth in man.
Space has demanded a most stringent selection of works to be cited from the vast
and rapidly growing literature. This has meant the exclusion of much excellent work,
particularly that dealing with variation and abnormalities of growth and their inheritance
which, while of the greatest value to the clinician, has less significance in the present
context. I mean no disrespect to the omitted studies-the final selection represents my
idea of the best compromise between the conflicting priorities that must be weighed in
preparing a paper of this type.

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